In which industries does CNC turning have the greatest significance?

CNC Turning is the foundation of modern industrial production worldwide. This technology enables the manufacturing of components with complex shapes with micrometer precision. The use of numerical control guarantees process repeatability and stable product quality. Contemporary manufacturing plants cannot imagine operating without this advanced machining method.

The application of computer-controlled machining significantly increases manufacturing efficiency. Process automation reduces production costs and shortens order fulfillment times. Industries requiring the highest precision particularly value this technology, from engine components to medical implants to aerospace structural parts.

The importance of numerical turning goes far beyond individual applications. This technology sets quality standards in key economic sectors. The development of computer control methods opens new opportunities for manufacturers. Every industry gains unique benefits tailored to specific technical requirements.

The Automotive Industry and Vehicle Component Production

The automotive sector is one of the largest consumers of numerical turning services. Vehicle production requires thousands of precise components assembled in a strictly defined sequence. Dimensional tolerances at the level of 0.01 mm are a quality standard for engine components. The use of automation allows for the production of millions of identical parts annually while maintaining parameters.​

Modern cars contain increasingly complex technological design solutions. Combustion engines and electric motors place high demands on component manufacturers. Passenger safety depends directly on the quality of each part’s execution. The automotive industry invests billions of euros in developing machining technologies according to the IATF 16949 standard.​

Manufacturing accuracy translates into vehicle performance and durability. Reducing fuel consumption by several percent becomes possible thanks to dimensional precision. Lowering emissions requires perfectly matched drivetrain components. Numerical turning meets all these requirements without quality compromises.

Key advantages of CNC turning in automotive:

1. Dimensional repeatability at 0.005 mm throughout the entire production series
2. Stability of geometric parameters when producing 100,000 parts
3. Full traceability of every manufactured part within a digital system
4. Automatic quality control eliminating human errors during machining

Numerical control guarantees zero defects in producing critical safety components. Monitoring systems record every machining process parameter in real time. The ability to quickly identify and correct deviations increases production reliability. Data tracking enables optimization of technological processes for subsequent series.

Drive Shafts and Power Transmission System Components

Drive shafts transmit torque from the engine to the vehicle’s wheels. Manufacturing precision directly affects the efficiency of the entire drivetrain. Surface roughness maintained at Ra 0.2 to 0.4 μm minimizes energy loss. Turning machining guarantees perfect coaxiality of all working surfaces.​

The production of differential gears uses advanced numerical turning methods. Complex tooth profiles require multi-axis machining with an accuracy of 0.003 mm. The use of appropriate materials increases component durability by 15 to 20 years. Drive axles must have precise keyways and sealing grooves.

Transmission components operate under extreme load conditions throughout the vehicle’s lifetime. Numerical turning enables manufacturing parts with complex geometry in a short time. Automatic production lathes achieve output exceeding 500 pieces per work shift. Process repeatability ensures consistent quality for every manufactured structural element.

Engine Pistons Requiring Dimensional Precision at the Micrometer Level

Pistons are among the most heavily loaded components of the drivetrain. Operating at temperatures exceeding 300 degrees Celsius demands excellent workmanship. Piston ring grooves are cut with an accuracy of 0.005 mm. Combustion chamber tightness directly depends on the quality of side surface machining.​

Optimizing the piston crown shape affects fuel combustion efficiency. CNC turning allows for producing complex geometric profiles without design limitations. The use of advanced aluminum alloys requires special cutting tools. Cooling the cutting zone stabilizes machining parameters throughout the entire production cycle.

Smoothness of piston side surfaces reduces engine oil consumption and internal friction. Precise manufacturing translates into a 5 to 10 percent increase in engine power. Fuel consumption reduction by 3 to 5 percent provides an additional ecological benefit. Modern engines achieve lower CO₂ emissions precisely due to component manufacturing precision.

Brake System and Vehicle Suspension Components

User safety critically depends on brake system efficiency. Brake discs require perfect flatness and uniform surface roughness. Piston calipers must move without sticking throughout their service life. Precision turning ensures all design parameters are maintained over years of use.​

Suspension components are responsible for vehicle stability during dynamic driving. Control arms and spring struts bear significant loads under variable conditions. Suspension bushings and pins require machining with a tolerance of 0.01 mm. Milling and numerical turning complement each other in comprehensive manufacturing processes.

Stabilization system components must exhibit excellent material fatigue strength. Dimensional precision eliminates play and vibrations occurring during vehicle operation. The use of appropriate heat treatments increases resistance to mechanical wear. Advanced quality control systems verify every manufactured part before final assembly.

Screws and fasteners used in car assembly

Assembling a modern car requires the use of thousands of different types of fasteners. Screws with special threads ensure secure connections of structural elements. Thread manufacturing precision directly affects the strength of the entire mechanical joint. Thread processing by turning guarantees an ideal shape and surface roughness of the working area.​

Fasteners used in the automotive industry must meet strict safety standards. Screws fastening steering system components are subject to particularly stringent quality requirements. Dimensional tolerances cannot exceed 0.02 mm for critical applications. Production automation allows manufacturing millions of pieces while maintaining parameter repeatability.

Rivets and pins connecting body elements require precise execution of cooperating surfaces. CNC turning enables the realization of complex shapes in a single machining setup. Multi-spindle automatic lathes achieve impressive production efficiency exceeding 1000 pieces. Cost reduction while maintaining the highest quality is a priority for component manufacturers.

Aerospace and manufacturing parts with the highest quality standards

The aerospace industry sets the most rigorous quality standards worldwide. Passenger and crew safety requires absolute reliability of every structural component. Certification of aerospace parts includes multi-stage control procedures and strength testing. CNC turning meets all industry requirements without exceptions to standards.​

Materials used in aerospace structures are characterized by extreme strength and low density. Aluminum alloys, titanium, and nickel superalloys require advanced machining techniques. Cutting tools must maintain sharpness and geometry throughout the entire production cycle. Cutting parameters are selected individually for each structural material used in aerospace.

Aerospace components operate under extreme conditions of temperature, pressure, and dynamic loads. Jet engine turbines rotate at speeds exceeding 10,000 revolutions per minute. Every part must withstand many years of cyclic loading without signs of structural damage. Precision turning guarantees excellent surface finishing for all elements critical to safety.

Aircraft Turbine Components Operating in Extreme Conditions

Jet engine turbines represent the pinnacle of modern mechanical engineering in the aviation industry. High-pressure turbine blades operate at temperatures exceeding 1200 degrees Celsius. The precision of the aerodynamic profile directly affects the efficiency of the entire jet engine. Dimensional tolerances cannot exceed 0.003 mm for critical structural components.​

Turbine shafts transmit power reaching tens of thousands of horsepower during operation. CNC turning enables the creation of complex shapes in difficult-to-machine materials. Cooling of the machining zone is carried out using special technological fluids under pressure. Process parameter control guarantees repeatability of results at the highest technical level.

Specifics of turbine component machining:

• Nickel superalloys require cutting speeds reduced by 70 percent compared to steel
• Cutting tool replacement occurs every 15 to 20 minutes of continuous machining
• Cooling systems deliver 40 liters of fluid per minute to the cutting zone
• The machining temperature must not exceed 150 degrees Celsius under penalty of rejection

Turbine bearings require excellent smoothness of surfaces cooperating under load. Roughness maintained at Ra 0.1 μm minimizes friction and mechanical wear. Sealing rings prevent secondary flows that reduce engine energy efficiency. Advanced multi-axis lathes perform complete machining in a single clamping of the part.

Aircraft Fuselage Structural Elements Made from Aluminum Alloys

The aircraft fuselage consists of thousands of precisely fitted load-bearing structural elements. Aluminum alloys series 6061 and 6082 provide an excellent strength-to-weight ratio. Machining these materials requires high rotational speeds and stable clamping. CNC turning produces elements with complex geometric profiles in a short time.​

Frames and longerons of the fuselage carry loads occurring during takeoff, flight, and landing. Precision in making mounting holes ensures perfect cooperation among all structural components. Dimensional tolerances maintained at 0.01 mm are an aviation industry standard. Process automation shortens production time and reduces unit manufacturing costs.

Mounting elements for onboard equipment require particular care in manufacturing and inspection. Metric and inch threads are produced with the highest dimensional accuracy. Seating surfaces must exhibit excellent flatness and perpendicularity relative to the axis. Quality control includes measurements of all geometric parameters for each manufactured element.

Hydraulic Components Requiring Excellent Surface Finish

Aircraft hydraulic systems control landing gear mechanisms, flaps, and rudders. Hydraulic cylinders require perfectly smooth internal surfaces to maintain tightness. Surface roughness must not exceed Ra 0.2 μm to ensure proper operation. Precision turning guarantees achieving the required parameters without additional finishing operations.​

Hydraulic pistons and rods operate under pressures exceeding 50 EUR in systems. The precision of seal groove manufacturing affects the reliability of the entire control system. Corrosion-resistant and high-temperature materials form the basis of durable construction. Machining stainless steel alloys requires special tools and optimized cutting parameters.

Hydraulic valves regulate fluid flow throughout the aircraft control system. Precise holes and valve seats are made using multi-tool internal turning methods. Assembly tolerances do not exceed 0.005 mm to ensure correct mechanism operation. Automated control systems verify all critical parameters during the production process.

Tip: When selecting a contractor for machining aviation parts, check for AS9100 industry certifications. Experience working with aerospace materials guarantees compliance with technical safety requirements.

Medicine and Production of Surgical Equipment and Implants

The medical industry imposes the highest quality and sanitary requirements on manufacturers of surgical equipment. Biocompatibility of materials is a fundamental requirement for all implants used in the body. Numerical turning enables the realization of complex anatomical shapes with the highest precision. Personalization of medical products is becoming a standard in modern reconstructive surgery.​

The use of three-dimensional scanning of patients allows designing perfect fits for orthopedic implants. CNC lathe programs fulfill individual orders within no more than 48 hours. Medical materials such as titanium and stainless steels require special machining methods. Clean production processes eliminate the risk of postoperative infections and biological rejection.​

Surgical instruments must maintain sharpness and geometry through hundreds of operations. Manufacturing precision directly impacts patient safety during complex surgeries. Quality control in the medical industry includes one hundred percent verification of all technical parameters. Precision turning meets all strict sanitary standards applicable in medical production.

Surgical Instruments with Complex Geometry

Surgical tools require exceptional precision and durability in working parts manufacturing. Scalpels, forceps, and clamps must work perfectly in the surgeon’s hands during procedures. Blade geometry is achieved with micrometer accuracy to ensure clean tissue cuts. Numerical turning allows producing components with very small cross-sectional dimensions.​

Minimally invasive surgery tools feature micrometric working end elements. The diameters of the working parts are often below 1 millimeter with a length of 200 mm. Machining such details requires specialized precision lathes and micro-machining cutting tools. Surgical steels maintain sharpness and corrosion resistance through years of intensive use.

Components of arthroscopic instruments enable surgeries through small skin incisions. Precise threaded connections ensure stability and secure assembly during the surgical procedure. Working surfaces require excellent finishing to minimize soft tissue trauma. Production automation guarantees repeatability of parameters for all manufactured medical instruments.

Orthopedic implants tailored to patient anatomy

Hip and knee joint endoprostheses restore mobility to millions of patients each year. Implant personalization based on three-dimensional scans improves treatment outcomes by 30 percent. Numerical turning produces individual shapes of prosthesis heads and cups made of titanium. Manufacturing precision directly affects durability exceeding 25 years of use.​

Titanium and its alloys are the basic construction materials for modern orthopedic implants. Biocompatibility and mechanical strength ensure many years of use without health complications. Implant anchoring surfaces require a special texture for proper integration with living bone. Precision turning enables the creation of microstructures that support the biological osteointegration process.​

Prosthesis components and devices supporting rehabilitation

Lower and upper limb prostheses restore basic life functions for patients after amputations. Joint mechanisms require precise manufacturing of all cooperating moving parts. Sliding bearings must feature minimal friction and wear over many years. CNC turning produces cylindrical and tapered surfaces with the highest dimensional accuracy.

Shafts transmitting motion in bionic prostheses require perfect axial concentricity. Shape and position tolerances cannot exceed 0.005 mm for efficient operation. Materials used in prostheses combine low weight with high mechanical strength. Aluminum alloys and carbon composites form the basis of modern prosthetic designs.

Rehabilitation devices utilize precise mechanisms to adjust therapeutic exercise parameters. Pull screws and linear guides must operate smoothly through years of intensive use. Sliding surfaces require excellent finishing to minimize patient movement resistance. Automatic production lathes manufacture components that meet all certified medical requirements.

Dental tools meeting rigorous sanitary standards

Dentistry uses a wide range of high-quality precision rotary and hand tools. Implant screws require threads with perfect shape and controlled surface roughness. Tapered connections of dental implants provide stability and bacterial tightness for decades. Precision turning guarantees maintaining all design parameters defined by ISO standards.​

Dental burs rotate at speeds exceeding 400,000 revolutions per minute. Dynamic balancing of tools eliminates vibrations during precise work. Working part diameters often measure below 0.5 millimeters in usable length. Tool materials must retain sharpness and resistance to thermal sterilization.

Screwdrivers and torque wrenches used in implantology require precise working tips. Dimensional tolerances do not exceed 0.01 mm to ensure correct tightening torque. Surfaces of all dental tools must meet the highest microbiological cleanliness standards. Production processes take place in controlled environmental conditions eliminating bacterial contamination.

Tip: Medical device manufacturers should implement quality management systems compliant with ISO 13485. Regular audits of production processes ensure product parameter stability and continuous supply.

Energy Sector and Machinery Industry Requiring Durable Components

The energy sector demands components characterized by extreme durability and operational reliability. Power plants operate continuously for decades under harsh environmental conditions. CNC turning provides parts resistant to high temperatures and operating pressures. Structural materials must maintain mechanical properties throughout the entire lifecycle of the installation.​

The machinery industry produces equipment for all sectors of the industrial economy. Drive shafts, gearboxes, and bearings are fundamental components of production machinery. Manufacturing precision directly affects the efficiency and durability of the entire mechanical system. Production automation allows for large series manufacturing while maintaining the highest quality.

Industrial pumps, valves, and pipeline fittings transport various technological media. Resistance to corrosion and abrasion determines the lifespan of these critical components. Precision turning enables the creation of complex shapes in difficult-to-machine materials. Quality control includes non-destructive testing and leak tests of all components.

Abrasion-Resistant Industrial Pump Parts

Centrifugal and piston pumps transfer huge volumes of fluids in industrial plants. Pump impellers require perfect dynamic balancing to eliminate destructive vibrations. Impeller blades are manufactured with 0.01 mm accuracy to ensure maximum efficiency. CNC turning executes complex geometric profiles in a single machining setup.​

Pump shafts operate in sliding bearings for tens of thousands of hours without interruption. The surface roughness of journals must not exceed Ra 0.4 μm to minimize friction. Grooves for sealing rings are cut with micrometer precision under strict control. Abrasion-resistant materials extend intervals between costly equipment overhauls.

Characteristics of materials used in pumps:

• Copper-tin-phosphorus bronzes provide excellent sliding properties in water
• Austenitic stainless steels resist corrosion in aggressive environments
• Sintered carbides offer durability in the presence of abrasive suspension particles
• Technical ceramics operate at temperatures exceeding 800 degrees Celsius

Cylindrical sleeves for piston pumps require excellent smoothness of internal working surfaces. Internal diameter tolerances are maintained at 0.005 mm throughout the process. Machining hardened steel requires special carbide cutting inserts. Automatic measurements during machining guarantee adherence to all specified design parameters.

Valves and Pipeline Fittings for Media Transmission

Industrial installations use thousands of valves regulating the flow of various technological media. Valve seats require perfect smoothness and flatness of sealing surfaces. Tightness of valve closure directly depends on the precision of cooperating surface machining. Internal turning produces cylindrical and conical seats with micrometer accuracy.​

Valve stems must move smoothly in guides through years of intensive use. Diameter tolerances maintained at 0.01 mm ensure proper mechanism operation. Threads securing valve covers require precise manufacturing to maintain connection tightness. Corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant materials form the basis of long-lasting construction.

Pipeline fittings include elbows, tees, and flange connections for technological installations. Sealing surfaces must exhibit excellent flatness and controlled roughness. Precision turning ensures all geometric parameters of connecting elements are maintained. Quality control includes pressure tests verifying the tightness of all manufactured connections.

Gear Shafts Used in Production Machines

Mechanical gearboxes transmit drive power in most industrial production machines. Gear shafts require precise manufacturing of bearing journals and keyways. Coaxiality of all working surfaces must not exceed 0.005 mm deviation. Multi-axis turning performs complete machining in a single production cycle of the component.

Bearing of gear shafts requires perfect cylindricity of surfaces cooperating with rings. Shape tolerances are maintained at a few micrometers for long service life. Threads securing gears must transmit significant torque without play. Heat treatment of manufactured components increases surface hardness and wear resistance.

Multi-spline shafts transmit drive under variable dynamic load conditions in machines. Precision in spline manufacturing affects uniform torque transmission. Surfaces must have specified roughness to maintain an oil film. Automatic production lathes achieve output exceeding 200 pieces per work shift.

Tip: Selecting appropriate construction materials and heat treatments doubles the service life of machine components. Consultations with a machining technologist optimize production process parameters for specific applications.

CNC Turning Services at CNC Partner

CNC Turning transforms modern manufacturing. CNC Partner specializes in precision machining. Key industries rely on high-quality components. The process ensures accuracy at the micrometer level. Order fulfillment includes both single parts and serial production runs. Experience spans several decades in metal and plastic machining.

Advanced machine park supports diverse projects. Turning is combined with other machining methods. Customers benefit from a comprehensive approach to production challenges. High repeatability guarantees stable quality. Fast turnaround times facilitate delivery planning.

Precise turning of rotating components

CNC turning allows the creation of parts with complex shapes. HAAS SL-30THE machines handle diameters up to 482 mm. Machining length reaches 864 mm. Driven tools increase capabilities. The process covers metals and plastics.

Precision tolerance is below 0.01 mm. Surfaces achieve roughness Ra 0.4 μm. Machining performs threads and grooves accurately. Hard materials up to 54 HRC are easily processed. Optimization shortens production time.

Advantages of the turning process:

• Dimensional repeatability in series of thousands of pieces
• Machining materials from aluminum to stainless steel
• Automatic control minimizes human errors
• Versatility of shapes in a single setup

Quality control checks every detail. CAM simulations anticipate problems. Results are less waste and lower costs.

Comprehensive machining service offer

CNC Partner Company performs CNC milling on large machine tools. +GF+ Mikron machines offer work areas up to 1700 x 900 mm. Wire electrical discharge machining cuts hard metals up to 64 HRC. CNC grinding ensures smoothness up to Ra 0.63 μm.

Services include prototypes and mass production. Customers are served with shipping within 48 hours. Large orders are delivered by own transport. Quotes are prepared within 2 to 48 hours. Deadlines range from 3 to 45 days.

The machine park is regularly modernized. Employees undergo training. Orders are analyzed individually. Injection mold repairs complement the offer. Quality is confirmed by positive customer reviews.

The company was formed from the merger of two enterprises. One specializes in plastics. The other optimizes turning and milling. Innovation awards were won in 2006. Patents protect selected solutions.

Clients from Poland and Europe are served. Design offices commission prototypes. Manufacturing companies outsource excess work. Individual approach builds relationships. Quality control covers every stage.

Investments in machines increase precision. Training develops competencies. Trade fair awards confirm quality. Customer reviews reach 5.0 stars. Technological development ensures an advantage.

Order CNC turning service today. Check offered prices. Contact us for support and technical consultation.

Other Economic Sectors Using Numerically Controlled Turning

The application of numerical turning technology extends beyond traditional heavy industry sectors.

Construction of modern steel structures requires precise fasteners and foundation anchors. The food industry uses corrosion-resistant components that are easy to maintain. Agriculture modernizes machinery by using technologically advanced spare parts available.

The chemical sector needs elements resistant to aggressive corrosive substances. Numerical turning produces components from special materials with exceptional physicochemical properties. Production automation reduces manufacturing costs while maintaining the highest quality of workmanship. Every industry gains access to precise technical solutions tailored individually.

The development of numerical control technology opens new possibilities for diverse industrial applications. Miniaturization of electronic components requires micro-machining with submicron accuracy. The jewelry industry uses precision lathes to produce unique platinum ornaments. The versatility of the method makes it applicable wherever precision matters.

Construction Using Precise Structural Fasteners

Steel structures of high-rise buildings require thousands of specialized high-strength fasteners. Structural bolts transfer loads reaching tens of tons per element. Metric threads are made with the utmost precision to ensure joint tightness. Numerical turning guarantees repeatability of parameters for all produced fastening elements.

Steel anchors securing facade elements must have excellent corrosion resistance. Machining stainless and galvanized steel provides anti-corrosion protection for decades. Precise thread manufacturing affects the strength of the entire structural joint in the building. Expansion fasteners require complex shapes produced exclusively by precision turning.

Types of structural fasteners:

• Foundation anchor bolts transferring pull-out forces in concrete
• Structural rivets for permanent joining of steel structure elements
• Pivot pins allowing rotation at steel truss joints
• Spacer sleeves maintaining gaps between layers of ventilated facades

Facade system components combine structural functions with architectural aesthetic requirements. Spacer sleeves and pins must perfectly cooperate with aluminum profiles. Assembly tolerances do not exceed 0.05 mm to maintain the tightness of all connections. Production automation allows fulfilling large orders within short lead times.

Food Industry Requiring Corrosion-Resistant Steel Components

Machines used in food processing require the highest sanitary cleanliness standards. Stainless steel is the primary construction material in this industry. CNC turning produces components that are easy to clean and disinfect with chemical agents. Smooth surfaces eliminate places where bacteria and organic contaminants can accumulate.​

Shafts of mixers and homogenizers operate in direct contact with food products. Surface roughness must not exceed Ra 0.8 μm according to strict standards. Precision bearing manufacturing ensures smooth operation through years of intensive use. Pump components for dosing require the highest dimensional accuracy for process stability.

Pipeline fittings in the dairy and brewing industries must meet special requirements. Flow control valves are characterized by ease of disassembly and sanitary cleaning. Turning of chrome-nickel steel requires optimized special machining parameters. Quality control includes microbiological cleanliness testing of finished products before shipment.​

Agriculture Requiring Spare Parts for Agricultural Machinery

Agricultural mechanization demands reliable machines working under tough field conditions. CNC turning supplies spare parts for tractors and grain combines. Constant velocity joint shafts transmit power under varying dynamic load conditions. Manufacturing precision affects the durability and reliability of the entire drive mechanism.​

Hydraulic system components of tractors control numerous advanced agricultural machine functions. Cylinder rods require perfect smoothness of the internal surfaces of steel pistons. Pistons and piston rods must maintain tightness through thousands of hours of heavy work. Machining of surface-hardened steel increases resistance to abrasion caused by sand.

Gear wheels in transmissions used in agricultural machinery require precise profile manufacturing. Tooth profile tolerances cannot exceed 0.01 mm to ensure quiet operation. Multi-spline shafts connecting mechanical components must work perfectly without play. Production automation reduces the cost of spare parts available to individual farmers.

Chemical Industry Using Components Resistant to Chemical Substances

The chemical industry uses materials with exceptional resistance to chemical corrosion. Titanium and nickel alloys retain mechanical properties when in contact with acids and bases. CNC turning produces components for chemical reactors and technological installations. Manufacturing precision ensures the tightness of chemical apparatus operating under pressure.​

Chemical reactor mixers operate under extreme temperature and working pressure conditions.

Shafts must exhibit excellent resistance to material stress corrosion cracking. Mating surfaces require special protective coatings applied galvanically. Machining of special alloys requires advanced cutting tools made from hard ceramics.

Flow control fittings for chemical substances must meet the highest process safety standards. Shut-off valves operate for years without the need for maintenance or seal replacement. Precision turning ensures perfect tightness of all flange connections in the installation. Quality control includes corrosion resistance tests under simulated operating conditions.

Tip: Choosing the right chemically resistant materials requires a detailed analysis of operating conditions. Consultations with materials science specialists optimize the durability of components exposed to corrosion and enhance safety.

Summary

Numerical control turning is the foundation of modern industrial production on a global scale. This technology is used in the most important sectors of the world economy, from automotive, through precise car engine components, to medical implants that save patients’ lives. Each industry gains unique benefits tailored to specific technical production requirements.

The development of computer control systems opens new opportunities for industrial component manufacturers. Process automation reduces unit costs while increasing the quality of final products. Execution precision at the micrometer level is becoming standard in an increasing number of applications. Integration of numerical turning with quality control systems guarantees repeatability of production parameters.

The future of numerical turning technology looks promising for all industries using machining. Artificial intelligence optimizes machining parameters in real time, minimizing waste. Composite and ceramic materials require new innovative cutting methods. Investments in the development of numerical control technology bring tangible economic and technological benefits to companies.

Sources:

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNC_router
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turning
3. https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toczenie_(obr%C3%B3bka_skrawaniem)
4. https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obr%C3%B3bka_skrawaniem_sterowana_numerycznie
5. https://www.3ds.com/make/solutions/industries/cnc-machining-aerospace-sector
6. https://www.3ds.com/make/solutions/industries/cnc-machining-medical-sector